Johnston,+Marina

=Mercury=

Symbol: Hg

Boiling Point: 356.62 Celsius. 673.916 Fahrenheit

Melting Point: -38.83 Celsius. -37.894 Fahrenheit

Density: 13.534g/cm3

Protons: 80

Neutrons: 121

Electrons: 80

Atomic mass: 200.59 amu

Atomic number: 80

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2

Valence electrons: 2

Group: 2

Block: D

Orbital Notation: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10

Mercury has been to the ancient Chinese, Egyptians and Hindus and even found in tombs far back as 1500 B.C. Aristotle in the fourth century referred to mercury as ‘hydro-argyros’ which translates to liquid-sliver or water-sliver. The Romans refereed to mercury as hydragyrum, from where we get the modern symbol Hg.The modern name element was provided alchemists. They saw how fast it moved like the planet Mercury which it is named after.

In 1759 while Adam Braun and Mikhail Lomonosov were working in St. Petersburg, Russia they obtained solid mercury. They did this by freezing a mercury thermometer in a mixture of snow and concentrated nitric acid.

Mercury is almost never found in pools but is found either combined with sliver, gold, zinc, or cadmium. It must go under various heating and condensing treatments to be in its pure form. The metal is extracted by roasting cinnabar in an air current. The resulting mercury vapor is condensed to collect the liquid metal.

This quick moving element is a shinny sliver that goes into every space available. The mirror like surface slowly evaporates at room temperature. Mercury is relatively stable in dry air, but in moist air tarnishes slowly to form a gray oxide coating. Mercury has reacts oxygen chloride, and hydrogen very easily.

Valued at about $48 per 100 grams of pure mercury it used in many every day objects even though it is so dangerous. In barometers and manometers, which measure the pressure of gases and liquids, because of its high density. Mercury has a high rate of linear thermal expansions therefore it is used extensively in thermometers.Various compounds of mercury are used in medicine, dentistry, and cosmetics.

Bohr model:

Works Cited Royal Society of Chemistry, http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/80/mercury, Murray Robertson, 2011. WebElements, http://www.webelements.com/mercury/uses.html, Mark Winter, 2012 Chemicool, http://www.chemicool.com/elements/mercury.html, Dr. Doug Stewart, 2012